GLOSSARY
Adult Family Homes: Adult family homes provide support in a family environment in a private home. Licensed by Aging and Adult Field Services, they sometimes provide instruction in independent skills and/or assistance in personal and health-related services. People in adult family homes have a wide range of disabilities.
Alternative Living Services: Alternative living services (AL) provide training and support to help individuals live as independently as possible. AL is characterized by one-on-one training in the person's own home that teaches community living skills. Such skills help a person in establishing and maintaining a residence, household management, shopping, preparing meals, money management, and the use of community resources. These may also be referred to as "independent living services."
Another Neurological Condition: Central nervous system impairments such as spina bifida, spastic quadriplegia, or traumatic brain injury, before age 18.
Attendant Care: Attendant Care Services are designed to ensure the safety and well-being of persons with developmental disabilities in situations which require extra support. Services might include providing physical assistance and support to prevent injury or to perform daily activities and/or to provide training and support to make it possible for an individual to live in the least-restrictive environment.
Autism: Central nervous system dysfunction that results in impaired cognitive and perceptual functioning.
Case Management: The process for determining eligibility and linking the individual with appropriate service programs, monitoring progress, providing advocacy services; provided by state employees in regional offices and outstations.
Cerebral Palsy: Central nervous system impairment, usually present at birth, which causes lack of muscle control.
Child Development Services: Child development services refer to specialized professional assistance designed to enhance the development of children from birth to three years of age. These services may include specialized therapeutic, and/or educational services to parents and children that increase children's capabilities.
Chore Services: Chore services provide assistance to individuals at risk of being placed in a long-term care facility. The assistance, which includes personal care tasks, is provided to people in their own homes.
Community Alternatives Program: The Community Alternatives Program (CAP) is part of the special Medicaid Home and Community Based Waiver system. CAP provides eligible individuals in need of Intermediate Care for the Mentally Retarded (ICF/MR) the option of receiving case management, habilitation, respite care, and other such services while still living in a community setting.
Community Access Services: Community Access Services are adult day programs designed and directed to provide community socialization experiences, personal growth, and to provide for support while involved in activities in the community.
Congregate Care Facility (CCF): Congregate care facilities are group care facilities with 24-hour staffing. These facilities can range in size from approximately 10 to 100 residents. Congregate care facilities have fewer staff available and usually serve more people than DDD certified group homes.
County Guidelines: A statement of philosophy about day program services for people with disabilities.
De-institutionalization: This describes the provision of services and supports to persons who have been living in institutional settings, but are now moving into the community.
Developmental Disability: A disability attributable to mental retardation, cerebral palsy, epilepsy, autism, another neurological or other condition closely related to mental retardation. The disability originates before age 18, is expected to continue indefinitely and constitutes a substantial handicap.
Downsizing: See de-institutionalization.
Early and Periodic Screening Diagnosis and Treatment: A preventive health care program for Medicaid recipients under the age of 21 that promotes good health by finding and treating medical, dental, developmental and emotional problems that could become disabilities, develop into illness, slow growth rate or hamper school or work performance.
Employment Services: Employment services are contracted through the counties and are designed to serve adults with developmental disabilities. There are three categories of employment services:
Epilepsy: Abnormal electrochemical brain discharges that cause seizures.
Family Support Services: Services provided to help families care for family members with disabilities in the home. These include attendant care, respite care, transportation, equipment, and therapeutic services.
Futures Plan: This is a written plan, a "life plan," which may be done by a residential agency, DDD, or others.
Group Homes: A DDD certified residence owned by a private contractor for several persons who need care, training and supervision. In Washington, group homes for eligible individuals have from four to twenty residents. Establishment is in accordance with local zoning regulations and Department of Health licensing standards.
Habilitation: The process by which a person with disabilities is assisted in acquiring and maintaining life skills. These skills assist a person in coping more effectively with the demands of either his or her disabling condition, and the physical circumstances of his or her life. Habilitation also means raising the level of an individual's physical, mental, and social skills. The term includes, but is not limited to, formal, structured education and treatment.
Healthy Kids: Healthy Kids, a federal Early and Periodic Screening Diagnosis and Treatment Program (EPSDTP), is a preventative health and medical treatment program for low-income children (under age 21) with medical coupons. This program is funded jointly by federal and state money.
Individual Education Plan: The IEP is a written plan which describes a special education student's strengths as well as his or her educational goals and objectives for the school year. The IEP is required by federal law, and developed by the special education personnel at each school. Case managers may participate in the IEP.
Individual Habilitation Plan: The IHP is a written plan developed by some residential programs. It provides general goals in areas other than education (such as work, recreation, and leisure). The IHP is usually used for a person who lives in an ICF/MR. A case manager may be asked to participate.
Individual Program Plan: The IPP is a written plan that tells what a person needs to be more independent. The IPP was used by DDD previous to the development of the ISP, the Individual Service Plan. Some programs and agencies still use the IPP as their service plan.
Individual Supported Employment
Integration: The process of enabling people with disabilities to live, work and participate socially in the same places as people who are not labeled "disabled."
Intensive Tenant Support: See Tenant Support.
Intermediate Care Facilities for the Mentally Retarded (ICF/MR): Facilities occupied by individuals who have severe to profound mental retardation. Residents are qualified to receive intermediate-level care and 24-hour care is provided consisting of personal services, supervision, active treatment and protection, and all assistance essential to attain the goals set in each written individual plan. ICF/MRs are funded through Medicaid.
Least restrictive environment: An environment allowing the most independence commensurate with a person's abilities. The term is used in a variety of contexts and implies a range of alternatives.
Medicaid: Medical services funded through Title XIX of the Social Security Act, which matches approximately 54 percent of state funds in Washington. Benefits are outlined annually in a Medicaid State Plan and include many different health related services.
Medicaid Personal Care Services: A program to assist people with the activities of daily living. In order to receive assistance under this program, recipients have to be living in their own homes, an Adult Family Home, or in a Congregate Care Facility. Medicaid Personal Care serves both adults and children who have a medical condition that requires assistance with specific personal care needs such as bathing and eating.
Mental retardation: IQ of 69 or lower and deficits in adaptive behavior.
Normalization: A major principle in the development of community services for persons with developmental disabilities. The concept includes the individual's fundamental right to live according to legal, cultural, moral and age appropriate norms; to have access to cultural and age appropriate activities; and to have the opportunity for achieving maximum potential in the least restrictive environment.
Outward Bound Residential Alternatives (OBRA) Waiver: This is DDD's Medicaid Waiver which provides federal funding for home and community-based services for nursing home residents who choose to move. Specific regulations under OBRA also address cases where an individual has lived in a nursing home less than 30 months and is required under eligibility rules to move.
Residential Habilitation Centers (RHCs): There are six in Washington state. Five (Fircrest School, Rainier School, Lakeland Village, Yakima Valley School, and Frances Haddon Morgan Center) are certified as ICF/MRs and one (Interlake School) is certified as a Title XIX nursing facility.
Residential Service Guidelines: A statement of philosophy about residential services for people with disabilities.
Respite Care: Short-term care provided to individuals unable to care for themselves in order to provide relief for family or other persons normally providing the care. Respite care services may be provided in the individual's home or in an approved facility, such as a nursing home, foster home, or community residential facility.
State Operated Living Alternatives (SOLA): An intensive tenant support program operated in the community using state employees.
Tenant Support/Intensive Tenant Support: Provides up to 24 hour residential care, training and supervision to individuals living in their own houses or apartments, frequently sharing living expenses with one or two roommates. Staff provides assistance on a flexible schedule according to individual needs, ranging from several hours per month to 24 hours per day.
Title IXX: Title IXX of the Social Security Act; establishes the Medicaid program
Transition Programs: Programs to help young people with disabilities that graduate or exit from public schools find and keep jobs.
Waivers: Refers to ability to provide home and community based services to individuals in lieu of institutionalization in a Title XIX facility. The Health Care Financing Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, must approve the waiver request. DDD has three waivers: CAP, OBRA, and Medically Intensive Home Care Program for Children. Waiver services include community residential services, respite care, therapeutic services, and others.